First of all, let's see how to use a breadboard.
A breadboard is very useful for prototyping, and to start your own first project, you will use it
to connect multiple components together.
And with your Raspberry Pi Gpio you can plug some wires, resistors, LEDs, well, anything you want
on a breadboard.
What you need to know is that underneath the surface there are some metal lines that make connections
between components.
So a component that you plug on a line is going to be electrically connected to all the other components
on this line.
And here I'm going to start with this representation of a breadboard.
So the connections are going to look like this usually on top.
So if you orientate the breadboard like this you have two lines okay.
It's minus and plus.
So usually minus we're going to use that for the ground also named g and D.
And the plus we're going to use that for power or also VCC.
And what you can see is that all the dots here are actually connected between each other.
Okay.
So this dot is connecting with that one and it's connected with that one.
So all the dots together and the same thing for the plus lines.
Okay.
So those are two different lines.
They are not connected between each other.
Okay.
The minus and the plus.
But within one line all the dots are connected together.
So you have this at the top.
You might also have this at the bottom if you see another plus and minus line like this.
So those we will use them for ground and power.
And then you have a lot of other dots in the middle here.
And as you can see those are not connected here horizontally but they are connected vertically okay.
So you can see here for example we have those five dots are connected together.
So if you put a component here so one side of a component here and one side of a component in that one
here, they are connected together.
but if you put them on a different column here, they will not be connected together.
Okay.
So that's basically how a breadboard works.
You have two big lines here at the top.
At the bottom as well.
And then you have columns here.
Those dots are connected in columns.
And before I go to the real breadboard here you can see I have two images.
Okay so here is what a breadboard might look like.
So you might have something like this.
Maybe you have a small version.
Okay.
That's basically only half of this.
Maybe you have a long one.
So you can see here we have numbers of columns between zero.
Here and 60 something.
So the size of the breadboard here doesn't matter.
You might have only half one or a large one.
It doesn't matter what I wanted to show you here.
Is that so?
At the bottom here is the one that I'm going to be using.
And you can see we have the plus line here that's continuous and the minus line here.
But I know that some of you might have a breadboard like that.
And you can see there is a big difference, is that the plus and the minus line here are actually cut
in the middle.
So all those dots here are connected for example on the plus line.
But those dots are not connected with that other side of the breadboard.
So in this case what you might need to do is to connect just a wire between, for example, that dot
here and that dot here, so that you make the whole line connected.
You can connect one small wire, for example, a red wire between the two plus sides and a small black
wire between the two minus sides.
So you can do this now you can do it later.
I'm going to come back to this.
And I'm going to point that when we actually need to do it in the circuit okay.
So don't worry too much about this.
But just note that if you have a disconnection here, you will just need to an extra step with some
parts of the circuit.
If you have something like this, well, you don't need to worry at all.
And so here is my breadboard.
So here's the breadboard I will be using for this course.
So it's exactly the same as on the image.
And you can see here we have the plus line.
So I have a plus line at the top.
And then a minus line okay.
So all the dots here are horizontally connected on the plus line.
And all the dots are also horizontally connected on the minus line.
And then we have 60 plus something colon here okay.
And all the dots.
So for example on the colon number 60 you can see I have 12345 dots.
Those five dots are connected together but are completely independent from all the other colon that
I have here.
Okay.
And I have this here at the top and also at the bottom.
So you can see it's kind of a here.
This line in the middle is a symmetry line for the breadboard.
And that's basically all there is to it for the breadboard.
The most important thing is to know which dot is connected to which.
After that you can do everything you want.