WEBVTT 00:00.140 --> 00:05.510 In this section, we will continue what we started in the previous section, and we are going to focus 00:05.510 --> 00:07.310 on Python and the terminal. 00:07.340 --> 00:12.770 As a reminder, you can download a recap PDF with all the commands at the end of the last section. 00:12.770 --> 00:16.580 And here in this lesson we will see how to install Python modules. 00:16.580 --> 00:22.610 So you've already seen a few Python modules for example time and signal that are already part of the 00:22.610 --> 00:24.710 Python three built in libraries. 00:24.710 --> 00:30.170 Then you have some additional modules, for example the Gpio zero, which is not part of the built in 00:30.170 --> 00:33.500 libraries, and that you need to install manually. 00:33.500 --> 00:39.350 So actually Gpio zero, you don't need to install it because it's already included when you install 00:39.380 --> 00:40.640 Raspberry Pi OS. 00:40.670 --> 00:40.880 Okay. 00:40.910 --> 00:42.860 So the kind of install it for you. 00:42.860 --> 00:44.720 And so here we're going to see how to. 00:44.750 --> 00:50.300 Well no actually what Python modules you have installed and how to install new ones. 00:50.300 --> 00:51.620 We're going to do that from the terminal. 00:51.620 --> 00:56.600 But know that there is also an option to do that from Thonny, although I don't really recommend it. 00:56.600 --> 01:04.130 So on Thonny you have tools and then manage packages, and here you can see a list of packages and you 01:04.130 --> 01:08.030 can for example, type the name here Gpio zero. 01:08.060 --> 01:09.590 Let's search. 01:10.040 --> 01:16.420 You find the Gpio zero here and you see well, it's already installed, but if it was not installed 01:16.420 --> 01:18.220 you could choose to install it. 01:18.220 --> 01:23.470 But here and also as best practice, I would recommend not to install modules from here and just to 01:23.470 --> 01:24.580 do it from the terminal. 01:24.610 --> 01:24.850 Okay. 01:24.880 --> 01:26.710 So I'm going to close Tony. 01:26.710 --> 01:33.010 So how to list all the Python modules that you have while you have this command Pip3 that will allow 01:33.010 --> 01:34.630 you to manage Python modules. 01:34.630 --> 01:39.670 And then you can do pip three space list, press enter. 01:39.670 --> 01:42.490 And you see you have a long list of Python modules. 01:42.490 --> 01:45.610 So those are all the ones that are installed. 01:45.610 --> 01:48.220 And for example we can find. 01:48.220 --> 01:49.930 So that's going to be here. 01:50.200 --> 01:52.750 You can find Gpio zero. 01:52.750 --> 01:58.570 So you have the name of the module and also the version number. 01:58.570 --> 01:59.770 So it might be different for you. 01:59.770 --> 02:04.900 But at least you can see all the names with all the version numbers for all the Python modules that 02:04.900 --> 02:05.440 you have. 02:05.470 --> 02:10.960 Now if I come back here and if you actually want to search for a specific module, I'm going to give 02:10.960 --> 02:12.160 you a quick tip. 02:12.160 --> 02:14.770 So you do pip three list. 02:14.980 --> 02:18.760 Then you can do pip and after pipe you put grep okay. 02:18.790 --> 02:23.060 This is going to filter depending on what you put here. 02:23.060 --> 02:24.830 So for example Gpio. 02:24.860 --> 02:33.020 This is going to filter the result of that command and only outputs the lines that match with this here 02:33.020 --> 02:33.500 on the right. 02:33.500 --> 02:35.480 So here you can see where we have a few things. 02:35.480 --> 02:38.000 But you can see we have the Gpio zero right here. 02:38.000 --> 02:40.160 So it's a bit easier to find it. 02:40.190 --> 02:40.610 Great. 02:40.610 --> 02:43.280 So with this you can know what libraries you have. 02:43.280 --> 02:47.090 You can find a specific library and see what version you have for that library. 02:47.120 --> 02:50.180 Now how to install a Python module. 02:50.180 --> 02:52.610 So note here I use library and module. 02:52.610 --> 02:54.680 This is basically the same thing. 02:54.680 --> 02:55.790 Just that in Python three. 02:55.820 --> 03:00.290 Usually we use the term module I'm going to clear and how to install a Python module. 03:00.290 --> 03:01.850 Well you have two ways. 03:01.880 --> 03:06.050 And the way that we're going to prefer here is with apt. 03:06.050 --> 03:09.620 So we're going to do sudo apt install. 03:09.680 --> 03:14.900 And then you're going to start with Python three dash and then the Python module. 03:14.900 --> 03:17.000 So if it's available you can install it. 03:17.000 --> 03:23.660 Not all Python modules would be available for installation with APT, but if it's there you can install 03:23.660 --> 03:25.460 it for example Gpio zero. 03:25.460 --> 03:27.920 And note here I'm going to press tab. 03:28.190 --> 03:32.200 And you see it's actually recognised means that it exists. 03:32.230 --> 03:33.760 So I'm going to press enter. 03:34.330 --> 03:36.310 And what you can see what's already installed. 03:36.310 --> 03:37.090 So nothing new. 03:37.090 --> 03:40.960 So that's how you can install globally a Python module. 03:40.960 --> 03:45.580 And I would recommend to use that every time you can, especially on the Raspberry Pi. 03:45.610 --> 03:48.340 Then an alternative is to use Pip3. 03:48.340 --> 03:50.650 So I'm coming back to this pip3 command. 03:50.650 --> 03:52.330 This time we've installed. 03:52.330 --> 03:54.790 And here you don't need sudo in front. 03:54.820 --> 03:57.280 So pip3 install and then you put the name. 03:57.280 --> 03:59.530 So just Gpio zero okay. 03:59.650 --> 04:03.070 Press enter and you might see this error okay. 04:03.100 --> 04:05.440 Error externally managed environment. 04:05.440 --> 04:12.370 And this is because now while pip3 is a bit more strict and they want you to create a virtual environment 04:12.370 --> 04:15.280 and then to only install the packages in that environment. 04:15.280 --> 04:21.670 Or you can see they also recommend you to install Python packages here with apt install Python three 04:21.970 --> 04:24.910 module, which is exactly what we did here. 04:24.910 --> 04:30.820 But if you still want to use pip three, then you still want to install the package in an easy way, 04:30.820 --> 04:33.520 especially if you work on the Raspberry Pi, there's going to be much easier. 04:33.520 --> 04:35.440 You can add this option here. 04:35.440 --> 04:37.720 Break system packages. 04:37.720 --> 04:44.810 So I'm going to run the same command and then dash, dash brake system packages. 04:44.810 --> 04:47.870 You can just copy and paste also from here if you want. 04:47.900 --> 04:48.080 Okay. 04:48.110 --> 04:50.270 So I press enter and now it's going to work. 04:50.270 --> 04:54.290 And what he is not going to install anything because it was already installed for me. 04:54.320 --> 04:54.590 All right. 04:54.620 --> 04:57.800 So that's how you can install a Python package. 04:57.830 --> 05:02.780 Again I will recommend that you use the apt install if possible. 05:02.780 --> 05:05.360 And then well we have a package. 05:05.360 --> 05:08.120 How to remove it I'm going to do clear. 05:08.150 --> 05:11.900 Well if you have installed it with apt you can remove it with apt. 05:11.930 --> 05:16.010 So sudo apt remove and then the name of the package. 05:16.010 --> 05:19.880 For example Python three dash gpio zero. 05:19.910 --> 05:21.230 I'm not going to do it okay. 05:21.230 --> 05:25.880 But basically it's the same thing as what we did before with normal packages. 05:25.880 --> 05:28.550 And then you can also do pip3. 05:28.550 --> 05:33.440 And this time the command is not remove but it's uninstall. 05:34.070 --> 05:35.060 So tiny difference. 05:35.060 --> 05:36.290 And then Gpio zero. 05:36.290 --> 05:40.520 And this is going to uninstall the package with pip three. 05:40.520 --> 05:43.160 And well I'm not going to run this command as well. 05:43.190 --> 05:43.640 All right. 05:43.640 --> 05:46.850 And with that you have everything you need to install new Python modules. 05:46.850 --> 05:49.640 And to finish all the projects for this course.