WEBVTT 00:00.080 --> 00:04.760 In this lesson you will learn how to take a photo with Python using the Raspberry Pi camera. 00:04.760 --> 00:07.340 So how can we take a photo? 00:07.370 --> 00:10.370 Well, here again we are going to use a Python module. 00:10.370 --> 00:12.650 And which module will we use? 00:12.680 --> 00:16.730 Well the name is going to be pi cam zero. 00:16.730 --> 00:22.430 So we have the Gpio zero for the Gpio and we have the Pi cam zero for the camera okay. 00:22.430 --> 00:24.320 It's quite easy to use library. 00:24.350 --> 00:27.500 Now this one is not installed by default. 00:27.500 --> 00:29.030 So we will need to install it. 00:29.060 --> 00:31.100 Let's open a terminal. 00:31.100 --> 00:34.610 And we are going to try to install it with apt first. 00:34.610 --> 00:40.640 So the first thing I need to do I'm going to do a sudo apt and update to update all the sources. 00:40.640 --> 00:43.640 So I have the latest available versions. 00:45.500 --> 00:46.550 All right. 00:47.480 --> 00:51.950 And well you can see already I have 81 packages that can be upgraded. 00:51.950 --> 00:53.840 So what I'm going to install the package now. 00:53.840 --> 01:00.680 But as best practice if you see this you need to upgrade the packages with sudo apt upgrade. 01:00.710 --> 01:02.600 Okay I'm just going to do that later. 01:02.600 --> 01:04.580 If you have this, you can do that first. 01:05.240 --> 01:16.160 So let's do a sudo apt install and then python3 dash and let's type pi cam zero. 01:16.160 --> 01:17.870 Actually let's press tab here. 01:17.870 --> 01:19.730 And you can see it is found. 01:19.730 --> 01:22.400 So we can install this library with apt. 01:22.430 --> 01:23.630 Let's run. 01:23.660 --> 01:25.070 So let's press enter. 01:25.070 --> 01:27.920 And you can see that might be a lot of packages actually. 01:27.920 --> 01:35.600 So it's gonna download 50MB and add about 250MB of space. 01:35.630 --> 01:38.990 And here for me it's going to install 65 new packages. 01:38.990 --> 01:39.890 So it's quite a lot. 01:39.920 --> 01:41.060 Let's press enter. 01:41.060 --> 01:44.480 And let's wait for the installation to finish. 01:45.890 --> 01:48.230 And the package is successfully installed. 01:48.230 --> 01:52.160 So it took a few minutes for me but now it is done. 01:52.160 --> 01:56.870 So let's just test that we can use actually that we can import this library. 01:56.870 --> 02:01.130 So you open a Python shell from from here or even from the terminal. 02:01.160 --> 02:08.220 So Python three let's do import and then become zero. 02:09.660 --> 02:15.600 And you see, well, we don't get an error, which means that it is correctly installed and we can use 02:15.600 --> 02:15.720 it. 02:15.720 --> 02:18.270 So exit okay. 02:18.300 --> 02:20.640 And let's go to Tony. 02:20.640 --> 02:22.260 So how to use that library. 02:22.260 --> 02:31.380 Well we will do from Pi zero import and then camera with an uppercase camera like this. 02:31.470 --> 02:34.710 And then you can import a camera with. 02:34.740 --> 02:39.210 So let's create a camera variable camera is equal to camera. 02:39.210 --> 02:40.980 And then open and close parentheses. 02:41.010 --> 02:46.530 If you remember how we initialized an LED or a pushbutton it's very similar okay. 02:46.560 --> 02:53.670 You import the functionality from the library and then you just create a variable and you put the name 02:53.670 --> 02:55.410 with open close parentheses. 02:55.410 --> 02:57.240 Here we don't need to provide anything. 02:57.240 --> 03:02.940 And just a quick note is that here again we do from module import functionality. 03:02.970 --> 03:12.620 Let's say we just did Import pi can zero and let's comment that line. 03:13.220 --> 03:20.510 So if I did just that then I would need to do pi zero dot camera. 03:20.510 --> 03:21.770 So it's the same. 03:21.800 --> 03:26.960 Okay I import the whole module and then I do module dot functionality. 03:26.960 --> 03:28.610 So you can do it like this. 03:28.610 --> 03:31.520 Or you can just import the functionality that we want. 03:31.550 --> 03:33.050 And that's what I'm going to do now. 03:33.260 --> 03:36.290 So I do from Pi Zero import camera. 03:36.290 --> 03:38.450 And then I can use camera directly. 03:39.950 --> 03:40.340 All right. 03:40.340 --> 03:42.680 So this is going to initialize the camera. 03:42.710 --> 03:45.890 Now if you remember we did two things on the terminal. 03:45.890 --> 03:48.140 We changed the resolution. 03:48.140 --> 03:52.130 And we also did a vertical flip and a horizontal flip. 03:52.130 --> 03:54.110 We will need to do the same thing here. 03:54.320 --> 03:56.330 So let's do camera. 03:56.570 --> 03:58.130 And we have an option. 03:58.130 --> 04:01.640 It's called steal size okay. 04:01.670 --> 04:08.250 So steal for the photo like you had the steal comment on the terminal steal Still size and this one 04:08.250 --> 04:12.330 you need to do equal and give a what's called a tuple. 04:12.660 --> 04:18.750 I'm going to write 1536 and 864. 04:18.780 --> 04:20.400 That's the resolution we want. 04:20.430 --> 04:20.730 All right. 04:20.760 --> 04:23.700 So you write a tuple like this with parentheses. 04:23.700 --> 04:27.630 And then each item is separated by a comma. 04:27.660 --> 04:34.710 So we haven't seen tuples yet but very basically put a tuple is the same as a list. 04:34.740 --> 04:41.010 The only difference is that well you can modify elements in the list and you can add for example elements. 04:41.010 --> 04:43.380 But with a tuple you cannot do that. 04:43.410 --> 04:43.620 Okay. 04:43.650 --> 04:47.460 So tuple is created and after it's created you cannot modify it. 04:47.460 --> 04:48.690 That's the difference. 04:48.690 --> 04:50.880 And instead of brackets we have parentheses. 04:50.880 --> 04:51.360 That's it. 04:51.360 --> 04:52.950 And why we write a tuple. 04:52.950 --> 04:55.770 Well simply because this option is expecting a tuple. 04:55.770 --> 04:57.600 So we need to give a tuple. 04:57.600 --> 05:02.250 So we have camera dot still size is equal to tuple. 05:02.280 --> 05:07.860 Then we can do camera dot flip camera. 05:07.860 --> 05:10.100 And this one is actually not an option. 05:10.100 --> 05:12.140 This one is a function. 05:12.170 --> 05:12.410 Okay. 05:12.440 --> 05:19.250 So we actually are calling a function and you need to do so we can have h flip. 05:19.250 --> 05:23.210 We're going to provide h flip argument and put it to true. 05:23.210 --> 05:24.200 So is equal true. 05:24.200 --> 05:29.840 And then comma and then v flip is equal to true. 05:29.870 --> 05:31.580 And close the parentheses. 05:31.610 --> 05:31.970 All right. 05:32.000 --> 05:38.900 So we call the function flip camera with those two arguments h flip and v flip. 05:38.900 --> 05:41.000 You can put only one of those if you want. 05:41.030 --> 05:42.470 Here we need the two. 05:42.500 --> 05:43.040 Great. 05:43.040 --> 05:48.560 And then what we're going to do is that after the camera is initialized I'm going to add. 05:48.560 --> 05:50.390 So I'm going to import time. 05:52.190 --> 05:58.370 And I'm going to add a time dot sleep for two seconds. 05:58.370 --> 06:05.210 So just once after we initialize the camera I'm just giving two seconds for the camera to be fully initialized. 06:05.210 --> 06:12.610 And maybe the autofocus to work correctly just so that we have a good quality image, and after that, 06:12.610 --> 06:14.920 then we can take a photo. 06:14.950 --> 06:15.340 All right. 06:15.370 --> 06:17.440 So that's the initialization of the camera. 06:17.440 --> 06:19.420 So it's not really too complicated. 06:19.450 --> 06:23.170 You create a camera here and then you set for example the resolution. 06:23.170 --> 06:28.360 You flip the camera, you wait for a few seconds and then you can do whatever you want. 06:28.390 --> 06:35.530 So to take a photo you have camera dot and you have the take photo function. 06:35.560 --> 06:35.770 Okay. 06:35.770 --> 06:36.850 So quite easy. 06:36.850 --> 06:42.580 And the parameter we need to give here is the path for the file to save the photo. 06:42.580 --> 06:44.590 So we want to go in this. 06:44.620 --> 06:46.810 Well still in this camera folder here. 06:46.810 --> 06:48.850 And you can see the path here. 06:48.850 --> 06:53.380 We're going to put the absolute path is slash home slash pi slash camera. 06:53.860 --> 07:03.670 Let's write this slash home slash API slash camera slash and let's call it my photo dot jpg. 07:03.820 --> 07:06.490 So I close everything all right. 07:06.490 --> 07:10.030 And well let's just add a print. 07:10.690 --> 07:11.680 Um, done. 07:11.730 --> 07:17.970 Just so we know that the photo has been taken, because at least we have something printed on the terminal. 07:18.000 --> 07:18.390 Great. 07:18.390 --> 07:23.430 So the only thing left to do is to run this program, actually, so we can do it from here or from the 07:23.430 --> 07:24.210 terminal. 07:24.240 --> 07:25.740 Let's run it here. 07:27.300 --> 07:27.600 Okay. 07:27.630 --> 07:28.380 So we wait a bit. 07:28.410 --> 07:30.570 It's going to initialize the camera and wait for two seconds. 07:30.570 --> 07:31.800 And then you see done. 07:31.830 --> 07:35.310 And after it's done we can see our photo here. 07:35.310 --> 07:36.300 My photo. 07:36.300 --> 07:37.680 And that's what. 07:37.890 --> 07:40.980 That's a photo that's been taken from the Python script. 07:40.980 --> 07:43.320 As you can see here, we didn't have a preview. 07:43.320 --> 07:45.120 So that's something you could enable if you want. 07:45.150 --> 07:47.760 But we don't really need that from a Python script. 07:47.790 --> 07:48.360 Okay. 07:48.390 --> 07:53.340 The preview was available by default on the terminal, so it's quite nice. 07:53.340 --> 07:58.830 Also, you can correctly position the camera and make some tests, but if you are working from a Python 07:58.830 --> 08:04.260 script and you're going to integrate the camera functionality in a bigger project, you don't necessarily 08:04.260 --> 08:09.870 want to have a preview every time, okay, you know that the camera is set up, so you just initialize 08:09.870 --> 08:14.400 it once and then you just take a photo like that, it's going to be much more efficient.