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Hello my name is caner and siemens simotion system

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And programming course if this chapter

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chapter is 25

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we will learn about functions and function blocks

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Let's open our sitrain motion program notes

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What you will learn

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this course

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Contents are

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Blocks for structured programming

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Properties of functions define a function in St source

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Declaration and statement part of a function

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Calling user function

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Short form of user functions

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calls

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arrays with Dynamic lengths

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It's possible from 4.2

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Properties of function block defining a function block

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Parameters in function block standard functions in simotion

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standart function block in simotion

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Axis

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Technology objects and so on...

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Let's start

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That's the first page you see here block for structured programming

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There's a cyclic task

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there is one motor and controller for the motor that are some valves

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limit values and coping procedure at the background task

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you will see here

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Motor 1 in example for consist of

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Starting. Inputs and output of this

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Function or function block

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So

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Subtask are solved in separate which model of programming

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Parameterisation makes for flexible application

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Reusable of blocks libraries Blocks can be called and unlimited number

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So basically you define or design

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A motor block

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Function or function block then you have

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100 Motors in your system for instance

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This

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function Block instance 400 times

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And assign the input and output related to each motor

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There are some restriction

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No axis to global operand from inside the function communication

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List

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Best idea

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Properties of functions

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Or

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Parameterizeable blocks any number of input parameters and number

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No parameters

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no memory

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there are temporary available only in functions

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This is the difference between function and function block

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Only one of the parameter is ret val

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You define the datatype real or whatever

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you don't use global variables and  you don't use

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 absolute operands and global address

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no meaning

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return an identical result with the same input parameters is possible via function

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If your programmer and you have already commissioned some projects in simatic manager

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This is the same

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As function and function block idea

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How do we Define a function in ST source

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You see here the unit

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Interface and implementation area

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Let's say function my function that are described in implementation area

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The return value some type

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I have defined by myself as user-defined data type here in interface section

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And there are some

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Other inout 

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parameters and this is my program code for function

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Decleration part of a function

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You'll see here type definition inside the function

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inputs

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inout

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And some variables temporary

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Input parameters and variables can initialize inout parameters can not be initialized

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assigment is important assignment of the return value you'll see here

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Assignment equals blah blah blah

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Statement of a function is here right access to a variable

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temporary is variable assignment

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At the end of the function statement that are some real axis

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how call user The functions

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You will see in Main program

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I just call value the functioning

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actual parameters ST call

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I assign here

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A variable

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These are the formal input parameters of the FC

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Especially as the type of assignment is neither possible or necessary

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with the other data types return will you must always be assigned to a variable

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And the short form of function calls

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In this example the function name is start Task and enable axes

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So return with you is MCC Red Double integer as

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Described here

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you see action parameters of the FC call

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leading axis all active inactive

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You don't see here

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symbolic name of input and output

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Items just a assigment Just actual parameters off

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Function so this is the short form called

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This is the long form

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Next page

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arrays with Dynamic length

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for inout parameters FC FB it's possible to use

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Dynamic length in arrays address of decleration

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Specification of limits for index

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So

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This is an example of usage access the lengths and limits of every possible via system functions

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Last index of array

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It's value type double integer for these

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Axis occupied memory via sizeof

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this functions is usable

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To create and manage array data type variable

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Properties of function blocks

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Call forms to IEC standart. Any number of input output parameters possible

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with memory

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not just temporarily also use static variables that's why we have to ask

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Assign an instance for function blocks

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Call with seperate data area.

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But the encapsulation is possible

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Application in cyclic task

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Timer and counter basically actuated process units with internal States

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drives valves ... I'm so on

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you see here

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Defining a function Block in St source

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Difference between FC and FB

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It's almost the same

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Well of course there are some different

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Declaration part of a function block

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Input output.

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You see here the static variable is different than the function and temporary variable declaration

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Also the constant

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So in out parameters cannot be initialized there's a deep note for you

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at this case

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We initialized axis pos long real data type

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An assignment initial visit initialization value is 15

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You'll see here in this table parameters in function blocks input output in

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in out

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statement part Of a function block is here

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Restrictions with access to parameter and variables are

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Read-only axis to input parameters only

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Read and write access to output and input parameters is possible

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Read and write access for all local variables is possible

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constants

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value are constant

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variable or read-only access to contants is possible

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Instant idea of function blocks

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here motor1 instance

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Motor 2 Motor 3

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Call in our program code to the function block

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And the instance are there for motor 1 see here

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for 2 for 3 with different colors

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You may cross the instance as a data block or a member area it's your RAM disk

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Or your memory

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to understand

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So IEC type call of function without instance in St

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Normally w will use this case

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But if you don't assign the output of a function look to a

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Global available

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This way of usage instance name. the parameter

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Assignment is also possible

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call Options action permit language extension

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you see here

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Imports

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Imports Imports

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This is the output

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And read and write access to input parameters outside of the parameter list

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There's an assignment motor to start with

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Equalize the digital inputs

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Motor 2 speed equals constant value

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then you call Motor 2 only estop parameter

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estop

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So this is also another way to use

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Forward declaration in St

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Use of fc fb or program program organization pre-order

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implementation

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So you'll see you're an interface section and implementation section

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If you want to use forward decleration

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type section of interphase of implementation Part is possible

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So we

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Define functional operate mode aS Type

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and we create

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A global variable operating mode

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and here function block operate mode later on described

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This is the forward declaration

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you need to enable compile option first

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Program oorganization units can be used for following purposes

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instance decleration of function block call for function

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So

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Your used within type and type section in the interface to do that

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Keep in mind maybe you need it in the future

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Command library in simotion Scout you see on the left side that are some

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Ready-to-use functions

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for different

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Section alarm messages Drive function

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Communications and so on

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That are here several standard functions in simotion

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And example

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bistable flip flop set reset and triggered counter PLC open commands

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and next

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How do we access to technology object data types?

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In FBs and FCs via input parameters it's possible

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So see the keywords

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okay If I want to create my own program

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FB for position access at the input side I define my access variable

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Declaration of input

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here Is example usage motion control commands enable access

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pos axes

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and I can reach

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System variable or the variables of the

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technology objects

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So...

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Transformation and checking data type

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Typecast explicates or explicit

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typecast

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With converison or without conversion you see here at this example

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drive axes

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Assignment to a pos axis

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It's just you lost some information

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Yep

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And you can assign a drive axes to any object type

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Variable is possible

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teseting TO reference we can use this phrase pos access

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Is not equals

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Technology objects

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null instance

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casting succesfull

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After that we can use our casting phrase

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Example this

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For explicit type casting you use anyobject to object

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At this case you don't lose information

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Because you're converting

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Access to pos access object so

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I think this second way is more common used

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Programming

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and before to do that you have to check the TO reference

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Okay

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That's all so far

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you may

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Check the exercises in your lecture notes and do related examples

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In your PC

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On your own

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See you then.