WEBVTT 00:00.930 --> 00:01.800 Hi there. 00:01.830 --> 00:07.890 In this lecture, we see an absolutely iconic game of Wilhelm Steinitz against Kurt von Bonderman in 00:07.890 --> 00:10.830 1895, Hastings Tournament, Round ten. 00:11.730 --> 00:20.550 So this is actually it's considered one of the most beautiful wins in the piano in the history of chess, 00:20.550 --> 00:21.360 actually. 00:21.720 --> 00:23.160 So let's have a look at it. 00:23.790 --> 00:30.340 E4 from Steinitz, E5 Knights, F3 96, Bishop C4. 00:30.340 --> 00:40.740 And now when Black plays Bishop C5, we have the general piano C4 8/9 f6 d4 e tanks d4 c tanks d4 Bishop 00:40.740 --> 00:43.530 b4 check noise c4 in here. 00:43.530 --> 00:46.500 Black goes slightly wrong with this move. 00:46.500 --> 00:51.690 D5 It seems a little bit too ambitious with the king still in the center. 00:52.530 --> 00:57.750 So we do get a lesson for the King kind of in the center or trying to manually cancel shortly after 00:59.100 --> 01:00.000 a key move here. 01:00.000 --> 01:01.890 It seems Knight takes E4. 01:01.890 --> 01:10.610 It seems from one perspective it's a bit greedy, but actually if one consoles Black could take on C, 01:10.610 --> 01:20.490 C3 D5 and here Bishop f6 and we get a situation where at least Black's going to Castle and this bishop's 01:20.490 --> 01:26.430 kind of at the moment blocked in by the pawn, the knight might come usefully to G6 and it should be 01:26.430 --> 01:27.240 overall equal. 01:27.240 --> 01:29.700 That was a way of actually playing the position. 01:29.700 --> 01:35.460 Knight takes E4, but D5 is a little bit of a mistake in inaccuracy. 01:35.460 --> 01:40.230 He takes the E5 night, takes D5 and white now just consoles. 01:40.380 --> 01:50.640 We have Bishop E6 here if Knight sight C free here B tanks and let's say Bishop tank C3 the king still 01:50.640 --> 01:54.870 in the sensor in this variation and actually there's a very promising move here. 01:54.870 --> 01:58.410 Can you spot what that is for 100 points. 02:00.150 --> 02:02.850 So this is just the variation which didn't occur. 02:02.880 --> 02:13.860 Yeah, we can actually play Queen B free looking at F7 and if Bishop takes A1 because if Bishop A5 that's 02:13.860 --> 02:15.360 not particularly good here. 02:15.360 --> 02:23.820 After Bishop a free check this position Bishop takes before Knight takes b4 Rook have one thing things 02:23.820 --> 02:30.390 like rookie eight Bishop D7 and here this is just going to be a big position for one of the 95 check. 02:30.690 --> 02:35.010 So let's imagine they immediately take on A1. 02:35.100 --> 02:43.410 Bishop takes f7 Shank King, F-8 Bishop A3 97 and here Bishop G is strong. 02:45.790 --> 02:48.520 So what does Black actually do here? 02:48.520 --> 02:51.460 The Frances Queen of Southern mating. 02:53.410 --> 02:54.280 And. 02:55.270 --> 02:56.470 The thing is. 02:58.670 --> 02:59.870 There's also. 03:00.880 --> 03:04.850 Some strong ideas relating to taking a 95. 03:04.870 --> 03:06.220 This is a very precarious. 03:07.180 --> 03:16.210 If taking on gate 95 threatens maids and this is pretty awkward this position with queen and free you 03:16.210 --> 03:20.200 can see how awkward this is, but I find we're just going to slap that off. 03:20.530 --> 03:22.060 So that's pretty awkward. 03:22.810 --> 03:24.040 Thanks, guys. 03:24.400 --> 03:25.960 So let's imagine Queenie ain't. 03:25.960 --> 03:31.950 But now rookie one bishop takes the evil rook, takes E7, and this is very unpleasant. 03:31.960 --> 03:37.390 Queen up seven is checkmate So very unpleasant variations would result from Knight. 03:37.390 --> 03:42.460 Take three, it seems, which demonstrates some of the issues with the king's thought in the center. 03:42.730 --> 03:45.730 So Bishop e sinks was played. 03:46.240 --> 03:53.260 We have Bishop G five here, an alternative which is quite good as well as rookie one If Black Castles 03:53.260 --> 04:00.280 allowed Castle Knight G five and if Bishop take C three, the point would be queen differing so France 04:00.280 --> 04:06.340 thing might here If g six knight takes E6 and black is saddled with a weak E6 pawn. 04:06.640 --> 04:15.310 So this is actually a strong continuation for whites against you know with best play it seems actually 04:15.310 --> 04:17.680 this this is just leading to an advantage for white. 04:17.680 --> 04:21.750 So something has gone wrong but Bishop G5 is a good move as well. 04:21.940 --> 04:24.520 Rookie one might actually be more accurate. 04:24.520 --> 04:28.180 We have a mistake though, so this is actually a rewarded by a mistake. 04:28.180 --> 04:34.630 Bishop e7 Black should have played Knight take C free this position B tanks Bishop e seven. 04:35.330 --> 04:43.330 Why has D5 of the bishop takes G5, D takes E6 and say black cancels? 04:43.900 --> 04:52.600 Because if F takes this Queen B free and this position is nice for white, but say black castles E takes 04:52.600 --> 04:57.040 have seven check and it should be an advantage for white hair. 04:58.210 --> 05:07.690 So yes, 19 C4 is not really helping F6 does that help Rookie one it's actually this position is also 05:07.930 --> 05:12.880 it's in White's favor so say Queen thanks B seven that's in its favor. 05:13.540 --> 05:14.740 So what can Black do? 05:14.770 --> 05:23.650 Queen D seven here Knight takes Bishop takes Queen B3, Bishop takes F3, Queen takes F3. 05:23.650 --> 05:30.610 This is actually a situation where White is also doing well. 05:31.000 --> 05:40.300 But yeah, if we look at this again, what about Castling Rook 81 And here it's also it's only a small 05:40.300 --> 05:40.750 edge. 05:40.750 --> 05:44.230 So this variation is one of the more promising. 05:44.980 --> 05:46.150 So with Queen D seven. 05:46.150 --> 05:51.790 So Queen D seven can be a good option if followed up correctly. 05:54.350 --> 06:01.640 But in the game we have a mistake, kind of an inaccuracy move. 06:01.700 --> 06:05.870 And this really gives one a very interesting situation. 06:05.900 --> 06:07.400 Bishop takes D5. 06:08.420 --> 06:15.830 Bishop takes D5 because if Bishop takes G5 here, we can insert, Bishop takes E6 and after D5 we're 06:15.830 --> 06:18.500 getting an advantage here with Knight text E5. 06:18.530 --> 06:26.780 So if Black Castle's Knight takes G5, Queen takes G5, 967 is greedy, but it is the way to get an 06:26.780 --> 06:28.190 advantage here. 06:28.190 --> 06:32.280 So for example, checking a 96 Forks, a lot of things. 06:32.300 --> 06:38.240 So okay, so Bishop takes D5, Knight takes the E5 Queen 65. 06:39.260 --> 06:42.590 Bishop takes seven 1987 and now Rookie one. 06:43.190 --> 06:45.860 We have now the move f6 06:48.290 --> 06:49.040 if. 06:50.180 --> 06:51.590 See six here. 06:52.550 --> 06:53.260 Rookie free. 06:53.270 --> 06:55.430 This is pleasant enough for Queenie too. 06:55.460 --> 07:03.260 If Queen dies 795 gaining a tempo and queen a four track And this is annoying Queen before. 07:04.660 --> 07:09.940 What does Blanton do in this situation if black councils Queen Saxby seven with advantage. 07:10.090 --> 07:12.160 If black plays Rook b eight. 07:12.640 --> 07:15.640 We actually have a neat tactic here. 07:15.850 --> 07:18.160 Can you see what that is for? 07:18.160 --> 07:19.000 Ten points? 07:19.390 --> 07:21.490 We've got a neat tactic here in this line. 07:22.960 --> 07:23.560 Yeah, nine. 07:23.560 --> 07:24.790 Take six. 07:24.820 --> 07:29.080 The Queen's overloaded book takes E seven check and this position. 07:29.080 --> 07:31.660 So we're doing very well indeed. 07:33.040 --> 07:34.630 And we can even win the Queen tactically. 07:34.630 --> 07:37.090 So yeah, there are interesting situations. 07:37.090 --> 07:39.610 Basically in a nutshell here, if. 07:40.920 --> 07:44.220 Queen D seven had been just lead to the 95. 07:45.420 --> 07:48.950 Yeah, and it's trouble. 07:48.960 --> 07:52.200 So Queen her queen, Queen a and queen before. 07:52.230 --> 07:55.380 Now you might ask, what about? 07:57.010 --> 08:02.950 Trying to justify the Queen on D7, Queen B5 93, head Queen 8795. 08:02.950 --> 08:09.010 We've gained something every night on C5, Queen, G4 and White has a bigger edge here. 08:09.100 --> 08:11.290 This is unpleasant to say the least. 08:11.740 --> 08:15.490 So okay, we have the F6 being played. 08:15.880 --> 08:18.340 Queen C2 Sorry. 08:18.430 --> 08:19.690 Queen E rather. 08:19.990 --> 08:21.040 Now this is. 08:21.280 --> 08:26.350 There's actually in this situation objectively. 08:26.830 --> 08:28.960 So the king is in the centre with the knight pinned. 08:28.990 --> 08:33.960 Objectively, there's actually even a stronger continuation in Queenie. 08:33.990 --> 08:36.040 So it does look very logical. 08:36.040 --> 08:41.350 But Queen A4 check c6 Queen b4 looks like a pattern. 08:41.350 --> 08:45.280 We've just seen a variation and it's very dangerous here. 08:47.370 --> 08:50.910 Because if Queen D seven, guess what? 08:50.910 --> 08:53.580 We can play on this possession for ten points. 08:54.900 --> 08:58.740 Yeah, we can just knock out ee seven, then play Rocky one Pinning the Queen. 08:59.130 --> 09:00.720 Now, if we look at this again. 09:01.840 --> 09:03.370 With Queen D seven. 09:05.760 --> 09:10.140 Queen before King of seven, we can now be seven. 09:10.890 --> 09:16.320 And this situation C seven is a bit vulnerable and here D5 is now a bit vulnerable. 09:16.320 --> 09:22.230 So this situation is going to lead also to an advantageous situation, but not as beautiful as what 09:22.230 --> 09:23.250 happens in the game. 09:23.550 --> 09:28.650 B5 Here there's Queen before and that's unfortunate. 09:28.650 --> 09:31.640 Again, we're running into that, Black's running into that mother. 09:32.100 --> 09:35.570 But anyway, what happens is the game is actually supremely beautiful. 09:35.580 --> 09:38.100 So let's go back to the game now. 09:38.880 --> 09:41.280 Queen E two does look like logical move. 09:41.670 --> 09:44.730 Queen D seven, Rook AC one. 09:46.720 --> 09:51.670 And we have now a terrible mistake that needed to play. 09:51.670 --> 09:54.660 King of Southern Black played CSX. 09:55.960 --> 10:01.410 So this is trying to stabilize the position against certain moves. 10:01.420 --> 10:02.110 Sure. 10:02.170 --> 10:05.440 But King F7 was very much needed here. 10:06.040 --> 10:08.620 Say Queenside to 95. 10:08.800 --> 10:14.020 This should be kind of stable, actually, which is why, you know, the importance of mentioning the 10:14.020 --> 10:19.540 other variations, because if Black had played like this, it does look like a quality is reached. 10:20.140 --> 10:22.850 The Kings on that seven is not entirely terrible. 10:22.870 --> 10:24.760 There's an isolated Queen's pawn. 10:25.180 --> 10:32.980 So yeah, there is a great importance for the attacking player to play as accurately as possible. 10:33.010 --> 10:37.150 Accuracy will scale you up against stronger and stronger opponents. 10:37.420 --> 10:42.100 So of course, Kasparov, one of the greatest, you know, attacking players of all time, is also one 10:42.100 --> 10:45.820 of the most accurate in relatively complex positions. 10:46.210 --> 10:49.120 So yeah, King of someone was very much needed. 10:49.120 --> 10:57.280 If we try and knight the to this position queen die free again, we're just running into a fairly even 10:57.280 --> 10:57.700 position. 10:57.700 --> 11:00.880 Actually Black can afford this position. 11:01.060 --> 11:05.110 Let's play but in the game C6. 11:05.800 --> 11:08.490 And this is slow now. 11:08.500 --> 11:10.630 So guess how Steinitz. 11:11.330 --> 11:16.310 Makes use of this C six move, which is a bit of a waste of time. 11:16.310 --> 11:22.100 So we need menacing pieces around the king and that happens now. 11:23.260 --> 11:26.560 With so about 200 points. 11:28.610 --> 11:29.080 Okay. 11:29.090 --> 11:35.900 D5 it vacates the D4 square, so we've stopped Queens Pawn for a new resource. 11:36.110 --> 11:41.240 The knight being able to come to use D4 these square vacation moves. 11:41.240 --> 11:41.540 Yeah. 11:42.020 --> 11:42.830 To be celebrated. 11:42.830 --> 11:44.770 They give you new resources. 11:44.780 --> 11:52.730 You're swapping kind of pawns for pieces for peace pressure. 11:52.730 --> 12:00.410 We have C tanks d5 if King f7 here, D tanks, B tanks, Queen C for check. 12:00.860 --> 12:08.750 And here This is troublesome because of night d4 So say rook hd 819 C six is is possible. 12:08.750 --> 12:16.860 This position is actually possible because we just reinforce here and we're then 95 check in Queen Nancy 12:16.860 --> 12:26.060 eight potentially so this possession to defend with the knight but b4 one has a big advantage so anyway 12:26.090 --> 12:32.480 C takes D5 though was played so the knight comes to that beautiful D4 square King f7 and now this is 12:32.480 --> 12:42.260 very different 96 and entrenched knight on E6 is driving the attack here now now Black tries to exploit 12:42.500 --> 12:48.230 White's weak back row There's no heir for the king so that's interesting. 12:49.280 --> 12:59.270 If Rook AC eight then actually there's a strong move in Queen G4 So say Knight's have five. 13:02.690 --> 13:05.990 So this is interesting. 13:05.990 --> 13:07.130 Queen Sykes wrote. 13:07.130 --> 13:08.300 Thanks wrote. 13:08.300 --> 13:09.320 Thanks Queen. 13:09.320 --> 13:11.780 Thanks is possible Check. 13:12.020 --> 13:14.510 But then black gets obliterated. 13:15.020 --> 13:17.900 It's possible now, but black gets obliterated. 13:17.990 --> 13:21.650 So Rukeyser doesn't seem to do too much after this. 13:22.070 --> 13:27.200 The point is here, if G six, g five check is looking at the queen. 13:27.560 --> 13:33.170 And the thing is, if the king goes back here, Rook takes the eight check and not the nine spins. 13:33.740 --> 13:37.200 So we're actually winning the queen. 13:37.220 --> 13:39.130 You know queen, We're winning the queen. 13:39.140 --> 13:40.250 There's no recapture. 13:40.760 --> 13:45.050 So, yes, it seems as though that is a disaster. 13:45.590 --> 13:47.120 This is a total disaster. 13:48.860 --> 13:57.680 And if Rook II, we just play, basically, we just play. 13:59.690 --> 14:01.460 For example, 1987. 14:04.320 --> 14:05.190 It's possible. 14:07.140 --> 14:12.690 So Queens Heights Knights were just a piece up. 14:14.430 --> 14:17.070 So anyway, the other route was was played. 14:18.210 --> 14:20.240 Now, this does have a weakness of the last move. 14:20.250 --> 14:21.450 It has weakened eight seven. 14:21.450 --> 14:25.650 So blacks have pawn up once King hasn't got any air. 14:25.650 --> 14:28.020 So you might think, well, this is a bit tricky. 14:28.410 --> 14:31.530 Queen G four is played G six here. 14:31.770 --> 14:33.600 If Rook takes C one. 14:33.630 --> 14:38.010 The problem here is Queen takes G seven Shank and Queen Chapman. 14:38.460 --> 14:43.040 So G six is played, but now 9g5 shank. 14:43.050 --> 14:45.240 So the king has to go back to protect the queen. 14:46.440 --> 14:51.240 And then there's a very beautiful combination indeed, and iconic combination. 14:51.240 --> 14:52.620 In fact, it's so beautiful. 14:52.620 --> 14:53.550 It's iconic. 14:53.700 --> 14:55.240 So it's playing here. 14:55.240 --> 14:56.790 And what would you play in this position? 15:08.820 --> 15:09.540 Okay. 15:09.720 --> 15:12.000 It's actually Rook E7 check. 15:12.150 --> 15:13.690 Now, King Effect was played. 15:13.710 --> 15:15.720 If Queen takes E7, that's ruled out. 15:15.720 --> 15:18.240 Rook takes eight, and we're winning the rook over there. 15:19.080 --> 15:19.560 Fine. 15:19.560 --> 15:23.020 We're going to be a piece up, and there's no back room, mate. 15:23.040 --> 15:25.440 Opportunity Black hasn't got King f7. 15:25.440 --> 15:28.870 So we're just going to be a piece up if King takes. 15:28.960 --> 15:38.760 Okay, there's rookie one check and on King D 896 check and this position Knight C five check And we've 15:38.760 --> 15:43.740 just won the queen thanks very much And we're going to win the rook on K as well If King takes we're 15:43.740 --> 15:47.430 going to play Rook C one check and win on K winning the house. 15:47.910 --> 15:54.660 So yes, this, this is unpleasant, basically this situation, but otherwise we're just going to win 15:54.660 --> 15:55.620 that queen. 15:56.100 --> 15:58.020 If the king moves away, it's fine. 15:58.920 --> 16:07.140 If King dissects Queen B four, check this position, Rookie six Check is vicious. 16:07.770 --> 16:08.820 So this was a shoot. 16:08.820 --> 16:10.470 We're going to win B winning material. 16:10.770 --> 16:12.540 So it's out of the question. 16:12.540 --> 16:19.950 Yeah, you can see why now King of fight was preferred perhaps, but here things get really clever. 16:20.490 --> 16:26.310 So why can't take on D7 because of the back row stuff. 16:31.210 --> 16:34.720 So if we if we take on seven, you know, this is backward mating 16:39.130 --> 16:40.840 and the other way, you know, we're back cremated. 16:40.840 --> 16:42.460 So in fact. 16:43.710 --> 16:45.510 We have a seven check. 16:45.510 --> 16:46.620 Really ingenious move. 16:46.620 --> 16:48.960 King Eight of queen takes F seven. 16:48.960 --> 16:50.450 Then we're looking at eight here. 16:50.460 --> 16:51.540 We take on eight fans. 16:51.540 --> 16:53.730 Very much so, King G eight. 16:54.000 --> 16:56.640 But now it gets even more remarkable. 16:57.750 --> 17:01.950 Can you see what is played here for ten points? 17:05.750 --> 17:05.940 Yeah. 17:06.030 --> 17:06.740 Rook G7. 17:06.740 --> 17:08.870 So neither Queen or king can take. 17:09.230 --> 17:11.650 If the king takes, we get this with check. 17:11.660 --> 17:12.560 So we've got time. 17:12.560 --> 17:14.090 We're not getting back from Mated. 17:14.960 --> 17:16.490 And if queen takes, we're taking on sea. 17:16.520 --> 17:17.790 Ain't so a king H. 17:17.800 --> 17:21.590 Hey, but now guess what the final little touch is. 17:23.550 --> 17:27.660 You know, Rook takes H seven check and the game ended here. 17:28.140 --> 17:34.440 So Kirkman Baldwin, as the stories go, he just let his time out, his time run out. 17:36.330 --> 17:40.650 According to Edward Windsor, a very well known chess historian. 17:41.580 --> 17:44.840 So Steinitz demonstrated immediately after. 17:45.210 --> 17:47.010 Can actually make in ten moves. 17:49.070 --> 17:51.570 There's like a forced checkmate in ten moves here. 17:51.590 --> 17:56.570 So let's now see the false checkmate King G Ain't Rook G seven. 17:56.780 --> 18:02.480 So we've chipped away the H pawn, so we've got an access route on the H file because that H was chipped 18:02.480 --> 18:03.130 away. 18:03.140 --> 18:05.480 So this is different to before now. 18:05.660 --> 18:07.820 Queen H four check is possible. 18:08.150 --> 18:10.580 King tanks are now. 18:10.580 --> 18:10.880 Yeah. 18:10.880 --> 18:12.320 We can't allow Rook take C one. 18:12.320 --> 18:13.880 This has to sort of run with checks. 18:13.910 --> 18:19.820 KING If a queen, h h Hank King E seven, Queen G seven check. 18:19.820 --> 18:22.700 And here if King E eight. 18:23.210 --> 18:25.100 Well, let's say King D six. 18:25.100 --> 18:27.640 First queen takes F six check. 18:27.650 --> 18:29.420 Queen E six is mating. 18:29.420 --> 18:29.810 So. 18:29.810 --> 18:30.830 King eight. 18:30.860 --> 18:32.900 Queen g H, King E seven. 18:33.950 --> 18:34.880 Queen F seven. 18:34.880 --> 18:35.960 Checking the eight. 18:35.990 --> 18:36.860 Queen f8. 18:36.860 --> 18:38.390 Check, Queenie eight. 18:38.930 --> 18:43.250 And here can you see the final checkmate from this position? 18:45.100 --> 18:46.090 It might be so the whole thing. 18:46.090 --> 18:46.450 Well done. 18:46.450 --> 18:50.560 Everything's 97 check, and that gives us 26. 18:50.560 --> 18:51.280 Checkmate. 18:52.840 --> 18:53.350 Yeah. 18:53.350 --> 19:00.470 So there's kind of a stern warning about slight inaccuracies from black in this opening. 19:00.490 --> 19:02.270 Yoko, your grand piano? 19:02.290 --> 19:02.770 Yeah. 19:03.070 --> 19:10.150 The stern warning is basically, you know, to be careful about a move like D5 to start off with. 19:10.750 --> 19:18.910 It could be the start of terrible things happening, but it was compounded by some other key mistakes, 19:19.450 --> 19:20.290 to be fair. 19:21.130 --> 19:28.810 So, yes, there were some other key mistakes like Bishop e seven where, you know, Queen D seven seems 19:28.810 --> 19:31.420 one of the more promising moves. 19:31.660 --> 19:39.460 But anyway, nevertheless, it created a beautiful game, but one of the big compounding mistakes, 19:40.000 --> 19:45.550 because once Queenie too, wasn't entirely accurate it seems Queen A4 chat lines very dangerous. 19:46.210 --> 19:51.070 But yeah, Black had to play in this situation. 19:51.820 --> 19:52.690 King of seven. 19:52.690 --> 20:00.430 So this was a really I'm implying the earlier inaccuracies even more leading to dynamic play of sacrificing 20:00.430 --> 20:01.060 the pawn. 20:01.270 --> 20:04.750 So all carried out with the king without much heir. 20:04.750 --> 20:09.940 So an incredible achievement of beautiful achievements on the chessboard. 20:10.090 --> 20:16.600 And you know, these iconic attacking games are more than worth more than just points on the tomb and 20:16.600 --> 20:17.560 cross tables. 20:18.400 --> 20:19.690 They're just treasures. 20:19.690 --> 20:22.480 They're just chess treasures for future generations. 20:22.720 --> 20:24.640 So, yes, I hope you enjoyed this game. 20:26.230 --> 20:27.280 Got some points from it. 20:28.450 --> 20:30.700 Think about square vacation resources. 20:30.790 --> 20:32.530 Think about forcing moves. 20:34.000 --> 20:35.820 Beautiful possibilities demonstrated. 20:35.830 --> 20:38.050 Okay, that's much.