WEBVTT 00:00.900 --> 00:01.720 Hi there. 00:01.740 --> 00:02.310 In this thing. 00:02.310 --> 00:09.060 Shall we see Louis Paulsen against Paul Morphy in 1857, the first American chess Congress round for 00:09.090 --> 00:23.700 So we see E4 from Paulson E5 might have 39369c316 The 4/9 variation Bishop B five Bishops C five both 00:23.700 --> 00:34.920 sides Castle and now Knight tanks e5 We have rookie eight If Black plate Knight tanks e5 d4 is going 00:34.920 --> 00:37.080 to be okay. 00:37.110 --> 00:46.020 Actually after f4 this position Bishop b4 he takes f6 it ends up being about equal. 00:47.700 --> 00:50.640 So okay, we have rook eights though. 00:50.640 --> 00:53.760 Knight take C six is in accuracy here. 00:54.090 --> 00:59.640 It seems White could have had a small edge, but our emphasis really isn't on the opening theory at 00:59.640 --> 01:00.030 this time. 01:00.030 --> 01:02.880 In 1857, opening fair, he wasn't so evolved. 01:03.090 --> 01:05.940 But just for the record, Knight takes E4. 01:05.940 --> 01:10.020 Here is a better version of events than what happened in the game. 01:10.020 --> 01:15.210 C3 is absolutely playable in this position as example. 01:17.270 --> 01:18.500 And then default. 01:18.500 --> 01:25.730 This would be a very logical way of playing 95 bishop defray and blacks having to defend a little bit. 01:25.910 --> 01:28.460 Whites going to have a nice advantage here. 01:28.490 --> 01:31.250 So not afraid was actually the way to go. 01:31.490 --> 01:40.700 We see though Knight 66 now this does activate blacks queen on this default so that's interesting to 01:40.700 --> 01:41.450 consider here. 01:41.480 --> 01:44.660 Bishop C-4 is actually a little bit of an inaccuracy as well. 01:44.750 --> 01:47.180 Bishop E to two takes E4. 01:47.180 --> 01:53.900 This position with the frame should be about even the way it's played though with Bishop C4 allows now 01:53.900 --> 01:54.890 B5. 01:56.510 --> 01:57.830 Even stronger here. 01:57.860 --> 02:02.000 There's an even stronger move because Bishop Ito would have looked after G4. 02:02.030 --> 02:03.930 It's like there's no defender around the king. 02:03.950 --> 02:06.890 There are attacking gradients in this position. 02:06.910 --> 02:10.760 Without that defender around the king, H2 is more of a soft spot. 02:10.760 --> 02:15.860 And in fact here Knight G4 is very, very strong. 02:16.430 --> 02:23.090 So for example H3 Knight takes F2 as possible and if the king is brought out here, we can simply play 02:23.100 --> 02:28.550 Czech and take the bishop with advantage if Queen are free. 02:28.550 --> 02:33.800 This is nasty, not E5 protecting f7 hitting queen and bishop. 02:33.800 --> 02:38.210 And with the F2 pawn pins Bishop G4 is lethal. 02:38.270 --> 02:41.510 It's winning material F3 the Queen moves. 02:41.510 --> 02:43.400 Then the knight will take the bishop. 02:43.790 --> 02:53.600 If we look at this again with Queen H five G6 and this position, King G seven and Black's just winning 02:53.600 --> 02:55.550 that piece with no controversy. 02:55.550 --> 03:02.330 So anyway, B5 though was played Bishop E2 and we have black getting the pawn back. 03:02.330 --> 03:03.890 So Knight takes Rook takes. 03:04.490 --> 03:06.680 So Bishop F3 is played. 03:07.430 --> 03:10.880 We have Rook e6. 03:10.880 --> 03:14.450 One thing about Bishop F3 there is a bit of a weakness of the last move. 03:14.450 --> 03:18.860 It doesn't handle D3 and in fact White accentuates that. 03:18.980 --> 03:22.640 Now with C3 this is actually an inaccuracy here. 03:23.330 --> 03:31.190 D4 had to be played so Gambit King here a pawn. 03:31.850 --> 03:37.160 But the thing is black's got double pawn so it's not that significant as you might think. 03:37.310 --> 03:43.340 White's actually got a small edge here with all this pressure on the queenside in this position back 03:43.340 --> 03:47.990 row so that should have been played this this kind of gambit here. 03:48.020 --> 03:54.380 D4 But anyway we have C4 and this weakens D3 even more. 03:54.380 --> 03:55.520 And guess what? 03:55.520 --> 03:58.670 Paul Morphy plays here for five points. 04:00.890 --> 04:06.080 Okay, Queen D Friend, this kind of sits on White's possession makes it making it difficult to write 04:06.080 --> 04:06.830 pieces. 04:06.860 --> 04:08.930 We have be4 Bishop Be6. 04:10.560 --> 04:16.950 Bishop de sex is also to the point where about an every night h two is a softer spot than usual. 04:18.090 --> 04:27.120 For example, if a4 B takes and if Queen takes black has Bishop takes H to check and Queen takes F one. 04:28.740 --> 04:38.160 Another example if h for a bishop a6 rookie one rook tanks E, one queen tank, C one Bishop b5 and 04:38.160 --> 04:40.800 White's kind of in a huge bind. 04:41.160 --> 04:45.960 But anyway, Bishop B6 was played a fool, which doesn't help matters. 04:45.960 --> 04:49.770 One should have challenged authority on this file with rookie one. 04:50.790 --> 04:58.380 And in this way White would have reached the position which is about even actually, even though the 04:58.380 --> 05:01.020 bishop seems to be terribly placed. 05:01.050 --> 05:06.570 This is not necessarily the end of the world when there's a move like A4 coming up. 05:07.110 --> 05:15.120 And this situation, for example, one has a, you know, possibilities now with A4 loose. 05:15.120 --> 05:16.680 So that would be about even. 05:16.680 --> 05:24.090 But A4 here is a mistake and it leads to a situation now after B tanks, which is very interesting, 05:24.090 --> 05:25.500 Queen takes his plate. 05:26.040 --> 05:33.300 B5 would have been better if Rook be this position with C4 offering a pawn taking out A4. 05:33.330 --> 05:39.210 This would have been a better version of events, but with Queen thanks A4 we reach a very bad version 05:39.210 --> 05:40.530 of events indeed. 05:41.130 --> 05:44.100 Bishop D7 we have rook to. 05:47.140 --> 05:47.860 If. 05:48.810 --> 05:50.820 Queen a six here. 05:50.850 --> 05:52.750 There's Queen Jesus. 05:52.770 --> 05:59.070 This is also, you know, a plausible possibility where it might actually be. 05:59.370 --> 06:03.090 Definitely improving on the game potentially for equality. 06:04.440 --> 06:06.120 Yeah, it's interesting stuff. 06:06.150 --> 06:07.230 See five here. 06:07.500 --> 06:08.330 Bishop, thanks. 06:08.340 --> 06:11.100 It's not really such a big deal. 06:12.030 --> 06:13.260 It could end up inequality. 06:13.260 --> 06:17.970 So, yeah, it seems as though Queen 86 had to be played here. 06:17.970 --> 06:19.410 But Rook too. 06:19.980 --> 06:25.710 And now, yeah, the full authority makes itself immediately felt tactically this authority because 06:25.710 --> 06:27.150 what is black France thing? 06:27.600 --> 06:30.210 If you had another move here, what would you be fretting. 06:30.240 --> 06:34.770 I'll test you with a tree, which doesn't actually make much difference. 06:37.090 --> 06:38.560 From giving the king H to. 06:38.560 --> 06:42.580 But we have queen takes F one check here unless one's to give up a rook. 06:42.910 --> 06:45.820 This way is just mating with that final authority. 06:45.820 --> 06:52.330 So the fall of 40 gives us killer common squares, immediate tactical possibilities. 06:52.810 --> 06:53.670 So we have. 06:53.700 --> 06:55.140 Yeah, this is a great move. 06:55.150 --> 06:57.700 Not just positional, but also very attacking. 06:58.540 --> 07:03.310 Now, Queen A six was played to try and parry the possibilities of Queen F one. 07:04.090 --> 07:09.010 But here, Paul Morphy apparently took over 12 minutes on this move, this next move. 07:09.610 --> 07:13.390 So if he plays the routine you know, queen sex F1 now it doesn't work. 07:13.390 --> 07:19.420 Queen takes F1 this position C4 and why it has the advantage actually. 07:19.900 --> 07:22.330 So he has to be careful. 07:23.050 --> 07:24.720 So he's got full authority. 07:24.730 --> 07:28.060 So what would you play in this position for? 07:28.060 --> 07:28.780 100 points. 07:28.780 --> 07:30.580 So a classic, iconic move. 07:33.290 --> 07:39.230 From one of the greatest early attackers of the game of chess only attacking players. 07:40.160 --> 07:45.740 You could argue Paul Morphy was head and shoulders above his contemporaries. 07:47.510 --> 07:49.160 Queen sites are free. 07:49.990 --> 07:50.860 Was played. 07:52.990 --> 07:58.600 To be fair, Paulson was also ahead of his time in many respects, by the way, and sit in Paulson version. 07:59.140 --> 08:00.700 He had a lot of ideas ahead of his time. 08:00.700 --> 08:03.430 But in this game, yeah, things have gone wrong. 08:03.520 --> 08:09.040 After Queen takes affray, we have g tanks and now other elements. 08:09.040 --> 08:15.370 Here we can King Rook G6 Jack And with a week in King we're slicing for on the line. 08:15.370 --> 08:18.310 Squires head Bishop H free is menacing. 08:18.310 --> 08:28.540 We have rook d one If Queen C4 Black has Bishop G to check and Bishop takes her phrase mating, it's 08:28.540 --> 08:30.250 going to be amazing off the queen G4. 08:32.320 --> 08:33.860 Routines for his mates. 08:33.880 --> 08:39.370 If rookie one this is fun, Black can actually just take on g one hair and this is amazing. 08:39.370 --> 08:45.340 That or there's another way for my Bishop G to check nudging the rook off the back row and then check 08:45.340 --> 08:46.900 here and then it's mating. 08:46.900 --> 08:47.650 So fun. 08:47.650 --> 08:53.680 Cute stuff based on the authority of the file that really helps as an attacking ingredient. 08:53.920 --> 08:55.900 So we have rook D one though. 08:56.110 --> 08:57.250 Bishop G2 check. 08:57.250 --> 09:00.430 King G one bishop takes her free check King F one. 09:00.430 --> 09:03.460 And now there's actually a very quick mating for which was missed. 09:03.700 --> 09:05.170 Can you see what that is? 09:05.770 --> 09:07.450 This is in the art of Checkmate. 09:10.470 --> 09:13.650 Yeah, there's a very precise move here, which is a very quick chap. 09:13.650 --> 09:15.360 May actually rook g to. 09:15.390 --> 09:18.750 Doesn't matter what won't dance, won't get mated here. 09:18.750 --> 09:20.130 The basic mechanism. 09:20.280 --> 09:22.050 Well these pieces are asleep. 09:22.600 --> 09:29.250 If we look around the boards, these guys are not really doing anything about this slow motion car crash. 09:29.320 --> 09:30.930 Queen Rook takes them. 09:30.930 --> 09:31.860 Rook h one. 09:32.430 --> 09:35.310 So what does White do? 09:37.020 --> 09:38.020 So say Queenie, too. 09:38.040 --> 09:39.060 That's desperate looking. 09:39.300 --> 09:40.410 That's not going to help. 09:40.410 --> 09:42.540 We've rook tanks h to here. 09:43.040 --> 09:44.850 It doesn't matter if this rooks taken it. 09:44.880 --> 09:46.680 Still rook H1 mate time. 09:47.100 --> 09:50.880 So, yes, that would have been an absolutely devastating move. 09:55.070 --> 09:56.210 And. 09:58.850 --> 10:05.720 Yeah, it's it's and also you know, there's pressure on F2 so rookie one rookie takes F2 cheque and 10:05.720 --> 10:07.250 then we've got a back row mate there. 10:07.250 --> 10:08.420 That doesn't help. 10:08.900 --> 10:12.620 So yeah, this would be a quick mate in for this move Rook due to. 10:13.250 --> 10:15.230 Okay so morphy's just human after all. 10:15.530 --> 10:20.030 But he plays Bishop G2 check. 10:20.030 --> 10:21.200 Bishop H Free check. 10:21.200 --> 10:22.490 King H one. 10:24.210 --> 10:25.710 Another stellar mate on the board. 10:25.710 --> 10:28.920 Actually, Air Force mate Morphy plays Bishop, takes F2. 10:28.950 --> 10:30.430 If he plays Bishop, G2. 10:30.450 --> 10:31.200 Check. 10:31.200 --> 10:34.290 Can you see how Black knights here by force? 10:34.290 --> 10:36.030 This is a cute one as well. 10:36.030 --> 10:39.060 Demonstrating fine authority does help and other things. 10:39.450 --> 10:41.190 What is black playing here, you think? 10:45.910 --> 10:46.240 Yeah. 10:46.270 --> 10:47.860 Bishop E4 check. 10:51.620 --> 10:52.490 And. 10:53.480 --> 11:01.370 The thing is, if King if one bishop F5 and that photo point is translating into taken away escape squares 11:01.610 --> 11:03.440 of the opponent's king on this occasion. 11:03.440 --> 11:09.080 So there's a huge effectiveness of Bishop H3 being a mate frat. 11:10.950 --> 11:12.390 What does white do here? 11:12.480 --> 11:19.020 Queenie TSU doesn't really matter shielding E-1 because Bishop h3 Shack Road G1 is mating. 11:19.020 --> 11:20.820 So that's fascinating as well. 11:20.820 --> 11:26.580 But game on with Bishop takes after this is still very good for black Queen F1. 11:28.230 --> 11:33.720 So if the for bishop G2 is checkmate, so Queen F1 Bishop takes F1. 11:33.750 --> 11:41.220 Paul Morphy's is the exchange up here and also his two pawns up and he plays rookie to It's a winning 11:41.220 --> 11:42.300 position basically. 11:42.540 --> 11:47.100 Rook one and rook six starting to get coordination on that. 11:47.100 --> 11:59.520 H two square we have d4 if King G2 Bishop b6 check this position with rook e takes h to King e4 here. 12:00.090 --> 12:06.810 This is just going to be winning for black pretty soon after A5 King of seven. 12:06.810 --> 12:08.220 This is just winning for black. 12:09.180 --> 12:13.080 This end game scenario, there's lots of extra pawns for black. 12:14.100 --> 12:17.520 So D4 was tried and now. 12:17.520 --> 12:19.980 Yeah, a really nice move to finish off. 12:21.060 --> 12:22.140 So what would you play here for? 12:22.140 --> 12:22.530 Ten points. 12:22.540 --> 12:23.820 It finishes off the game. 12:24.090 --> 12:25.140 Move 28. 12:29.370 --> 12:30.150 Okay. 12:30.360 --> 12:35.250 Bishop free killer common square on H two is leading to a checkmate. 12:35.250 --> 12:36.060 Potentially. 12:36.120 --> 12:42.870 If Bishop takes E3, we see Rook H takes H two and a classic checkmate with the two rooks. 12:43.140 --> 12:48.360 If Rook have two, well, just take one F to this position. 12:48.360 --> 12:51.540 We're going to win the rook on a one that's winning as well. 12:51.720 --> 12:53.130 So an interesting game. 12:53.130 --> 12:55.570 OC Paul Morphy is not the most clinical. 12:55.590 --> 13:05.580 He's not like a supercomputer, but this game does spring to mind as a fantastic example of follow authority 13:05.910 --> 13:09.240 that emerges among other attack ingredients. 13:09.240 --> 13:11.700 It's not just one attacking ingredient. 13:11.700 --> 13:19.110 There's multiple, you know, whites see free move inviting this this queen, which essentially sits 13:19.110 --> 13:22.380 on the position in a menacing way. 13:22.530 --> 13:25.950 So, you know, white's potentially getting in a bad way. 13:25.950 --> 13:30.660 You know, there are improvements like Bishop D6 looking at each two here because there's other attacking 13:30.660 --> 13:32.790 ingredients in this very game. 13:32.790 --> 13:37.740 The fact that there's no knight on F3 H two is a bit softer than usual. 13:37.740 --> 13:44.520 So these iconic games they do have multiple attacking ingredients which lend themselves to why certain 13:44.520 --> 13:46.890 variations are actually really, really powerful. 13:46.890 --> 13:47.820 Like Bishop D6. 13:47.820 --> 13:49.080 Just bear that in mind. 13:49.110 --> 13:53.940 The ingredients lead to concrete, you know, beautiful possibilities in their own right. 13:53.940 --> 13:59.280 And but we do get this wonderful ingredient of the authority on the file. 13:59.280 --> 14:05.580 But another ingredient is the structural damage of this queen sack, creating lots of interesting, 14:05.580 --> 14:10.050 juicy, forcing moves around White's compromised king. 14:10.050 --> 14:15.600 And, you know, the fall authority acts as a way of making sure the king hasn't really got an escape 14:15.600 --> 14:17.670 exit through the e-file. 14:18.330 --> 14:24.630 Okay, so Paul Morphy slipped up a little bit, not not using an optimal mate, but it's still an absolutely 14:24.630 --> 14:25.890 iconic game. 14:26.820 --> 14:31.110 The queen sacrifice was fundamentally sound, essentially. 14:31.110 --> 14:34.440 So it's a brilliant move to have made in a game. 14:34.650 --> 14:37.290 And yeah, okay, this is the final position. 14:37.290 --> 14:43.800 So lots of interesting attacking ingredients actually to think about the queen sacrifice for structural 14:43.800 --> 14:52.170 damage, the phone authority sitting on top of the opponent's possession, the soft spots on like H 14:52.170 --> 14:53.730 two early on as well. 14:53.760 --> 14:57.090 Lots of ingredients, interesting variations. 14:57.240 --> 15:01.080 It's all pretty logical stuff based on the attacking ingredients. 15:01.080 --> 15:05.760 But yeah, it is a spectacular game and iconic game, especially because of the Queen sacrifice. 15:05.760 --> 15:08.670 Everyone loves the queen sack in general. 15:08.790 --> 15:13.320 So okay, I hope you enjoyed this one and got some instructive points from it if you haven't seen it 15:13.320 --> 15:15.210 before, especially your.