WEBVTT 1 00:00:01.210 --> 00:00:04.140 This is the third and final part 2 00:00:04.140 --> 00:00:06.133 of Working With Strings. 3 00:00:07.580 --> 00:00:09.440 And let's start by learning about 4 00:00:09.440 --> 00:00:14.330 one of the most powerful string methods, which is split. 5 00:00:14.330 --> 00:00:16.780 So split allows us to split a string 6 00:00:16.780 --> 00:00:21.410 into multiple parts based on a divider string. 7 00:00:21.410 --> 00:00:23.630 So let's check that out. 8 00:00:23.630 --> 00:00:25.910 So any string works here, 9 00:00:25.910 --> 00:00:26.743 let's say 10 00:00:26.743 --> 00:00:31.453 A+very+nice+string. 11 00:00:33.570 --> 00:00:34.403 So let's say 12 00:00:34.403 --> 00:00:37.580 that for some reason we have a string like this 13 00:00:37.580 --> 00:00:42.080 and now on this string we can call the split method. 14 00:00:42.080 --> 00:00:45.520 Here we need to specify a divider string. 15 00:00:45.520 --> 00:00:47.680 So let's just use plus, 16 00:00:47.680 --> 00:00:50.710 and so what will happen now is that it will split up 17 00:00:50.710 --> 00:00:54.500 this string by this plus sign 18 00:00:54.500 --> 00:00:56.530 and it will then store the results 19 00:00:56.530 --> 00:00:59.190 into elements of a new array. 20 00:00:59.190 --> 00:01:00.940 So let's see that, 21 00:01:00.940 --> 00:01:05.930 and indeed we get an array which contains A, 22 00:01:05.930 --> 00:01:09.360 and very, and nice, and string. 23 00:01:09.360 --> 00:01:14.360 So essentially everything's split up by this divider string. 24 00:01:16.150 --> 00:01:18.160 So let's try the same 25 00:01:18.160 --> 00:01:19.833 with my name.split. 26 00:01:26.070 --> 00:01:28.780 And so the goal here is off having one array, 27 00:01:28.780 --> 00:01:32.120 which two elements, one for each name. 28 00:01:32.120 --> 00:01:34.910 And so I can split by the space. 29 00:01:34.910 --> 00:01:37.010 And this is a very common one 30 00:01:37.010 --> 00:01:39.590 and so indeed I get this result 31 00:01:39.590 --> 00:01:41.690 and this is really useful. 32 00:01:41.690 --> 00:01:42.523 Now indeed 33 00:01:42.523 --> 00:01:45.350 we can now actually use the power of destructuring 34 00:01:46.310 --> 00:01:49.163 to create variables directly like this. 35 00:01:50.860 --> 00:01:55.370 So I can say first name and last name 36 00:01:56.230 --> 00:02:01.230 will be the results of this split, okay? 37 00:02:01.810 --> 00:02:05.550 So this here we'll create an array with two elements. 38 00:02:05.550 --> 00:02:06.980 And then from that array, 39 00:02:06.980 --> 00:02:10.300 the first one is gonna be taken into first name 40 00:02:10.300 --> 00:02:14.023 and the second one and two last name, okay? 41 00:02:15.770 --> 00:02:18.930 Now we could have done the same thing with a slice method 42 00:02:18.930 --> 00:02:21.760 but that would have been a lot more complicated 43 00:02:21.760 --> 00:02:25.130 and for longer sentences or almost impossible 44 00:02:25.130 --> 00:02:28.300 and like this it's really straight forward. 45 00:02:28.300 --> 00:02:31.080 Okay, Now let's say that we want to make 46 00:02:31.080 --> 00:02:34.580 the last name uppercase here. 47 00:02:34.580 --> 00:02:38.140 And then we also want to add a Mister in the beginning. 48 00:02:38.140 --> 00:02:41.680 So we could just use a simple template literal 49 00:02:41.680 --> 00:02:44.010 and do what I just said 50 00:02:44.010 --> 00:02:46.290 but I wanna show you something else here. 51 00:02:46.290 --> 00:02:48.210 And that's the joint method 52 00:02:48.210 --> 00:02:51.133 which is essentially the opposite of split. 53 00:02:52.110 --> 00:02:54.100 So let's create an array, 54 00:02:54.100 --> 00:02:56.540 which contains all I just said. 55 00:02:56.540 --> 00:02:58.933 So we want to start with Mr. 56 00:02:59.800 --> 00:03:01.120 Then the first name 57 00:03:02.475 --> 00:03:05.970 and so that's gonna be the second element of this array 58 00:03:05.970 --> 00:03:09.103 and then the last name in uppercase, okay? 59 00:03:12.150 --> 00:03:13.880 And now I want to join this 60 00:03:16.170 --> 00:03:19.740 and again we can specify a divider string 61 00:03:19.740 --> 00:03:23.840 and hopefully you can see by now where this is going. 62 00:03:23.840 --> 00:03:28.840 So let's store the result of this into new name, 63 00:03:31.960 --> 00:03:34.623 and then let's check it out in the console. 64 00:03:36.290 --> 00:03:38.960 So what do you think will be the result of this? 65 00:03:38.960 --> 00:03:40.393 So of the joint method. 66 00:03:42.380 --> 00:03:46.580 So indeed we now get one entire string here. 67 00:03:46.580 --> 00:03:51.580 So one string composed of the three parts of this array 68 00:03:51.640 --> 00:03:56.430 and joined together by this joining string here basically. 69 00:03:56.430 --> 00:03:59.570 And of course we could have used anything else 70 00:03:59.570 --> 00:04:01.853 so like this, or even like this. 71 00:04:02.940 --> 00:04:04.870 So anything works here, 72 00:04:04.870 --> 00:04:07.130 but what makes sense of course in this case 73 00:04:07.130 --> 00:04:09.320 is just the space. 74 00:04:09.320 --> 00:04:14.040 So this combination of split and join is really powerful 75 00:04:14.040 --> 00:04:16.800 and we will actually use this all the time 76 00:04:18.180 --> 00:04:23.180 so split and join, okay? 77 00:04:23.550 --> 00:04:26.070 And in fact, we can use this for something 78 00:04:26.070 --> 00:04:29.480 that we already did in one of the previous lectures 79 00:04:29.480 --> 00:04:31.623 which is to capitalize a name. 80 00:04:32.780 --> 00:04:36.160 But now with this it makes it really easy 81 00:04:36.160 --> 00:04:40.683 to capitalize an entire name with multiple names in there. 82 00:04:42.400 --> 00:04:45.100 So let's say that this passenger is called 83 00:04:46.350 --> 00:04:51.350 Jessica Ann Smith Davis. 84 00:04:51.640 --> 00:04:55.670 So how will we capitalize this name here? 85 00:04:55.670 --> 00:04:58.090 And actually let's write a function. 86 00:04:58.090 --> 00:05:00.181 So that's a bit nicer. 87 00:05:00.181 --> 00:05:04.203 So const capitalize name, 88 00:05:05.270 --> 00:05:09.030 which is a function which receives a name 89 00:05:09.030 --> 00:05:11.030 and then it will do something with that. 90 00:05:12.090 --> 00:05:17.090 So let's capitalize name here with that string instead. 91 00:05:18.470 --> 00:05:21.403 And then we can also call it with some other name. 92 00:05:22.680 --> 00:05:24.253 So my name for example, 93 00:05:25.260 --> 00:05:27.923 and you can use your own name here of course. 94 00:05:28.840 --> 00:05:33.600 So what's the strategy for capitalizing this entire name. 95 00:05:33.600 --> 00:05:37.020 And by the way what I mean here is to transform 96 00:05:37.020 --> 00:05:41.090 the first letter of each name into a capital letter. 97 00:05:41.090 --> 00:05:44.650 So here Jonas, and then this one here Schmedtmnan 98 00:05:44.650 --> 00:05:48.643 with this capital S okay? 99 00:05:49.670 --> 00:05:52.300 Well we have multiple words here, 100 00:05:52.300 --> 00:05:56.020 and so we will have to capitalize all of them one by one. 101 00:05:56.020 --> 00:05:57.180 And so to do that, 102 00:05:57.180 --> 00:06:00.660 it would be good to have them inside of an array 103 00:06:00.660 --> 00:06:02.830 that we can then loop over. 104 00:06:02.830 --> 00:06:06.133 And so now we can use the split method for that. 105 00:06:08.010 --> 00:06:13.010 So let's say names is equal to name, split by the space. 106 00:06:18.380 --> 00:06:22.940 And so this will be an array and now we can then loop 107 00:06:22.940 --> 00:06:26.660 over that array using the four off loop. 108 00:06:26.660 --> 00:06:30.040 So const, let's just call this one word 109 00:06:31.420 --> 00:06:36.420 of names or let's call it N which stands for name, 110 00:06:37.170 --> 00:06:39.060 but I cannot reuse name 111 00:06:39.060 --> 00:06:41.650 because that would then override this 112 00:06:41.650 --> 00:06:46.540 input here and that's a bad practice, okay? 113 00:06:46.540 --> 00:06:51.190 And so now here we will then capitalize this name. 114 00:06:51.190 --> 00:06:52.980 So this individual name. 115 00:06:52.980 --> 00:06:55.570 So remember how we did that in the last lecture 116 00:06:56.570 --> 00:07:00.370 we took the first letter converted that to uppercase 117 00:07:02.300 --> 00:07:06.650 and then joined it with basically the rest of the word. 118 00:07:06.650 --> 00:07:09.830 So that's N.slice 119 00:07:11.140 --> 00:07:13.790 starting from position number one. 120 00:07:13.790 --> 00:07:16.270 So everything except the first letter 121 00:07:16.270 --> 00:07:19.330 which is letter number zero, okay? 122 00:07:19.330 --> 00:07:21.950 And now what should we do with this? 123 00:07:21.950 --> 00:07:26.200 Well, I think we should push this into a new array 124 00:07:26.200 --> 00:07:28.960 so that in the end we end up with an array 125 00:07:28.960 --> 00:07:30.540 with all the names capitalized 126 00:07:30.540 --> 00:07:32.963 and then we can join that array together. 127 00:07:34.410 --> 00:07:38.240 So let's say const names upper 128 00:07:40.750 --> 00:07:43.380 and start it as an empty array. 129 00:07:43.380 --> 00:07:44.740 And then in each iteration 130 00:07:44.740 --> 00:07:48.153 we will simply push into this array. 131 00:07:50.930 --> 00:07:54.930 So sounds good to you, okay? 132 00:07:54.930 --> 00:07:56.150 And now in the end, 133 00:07:56.150 --> 00:08:00.593 let's then log to the console names, upper. 134 00:08:01.530 --> 00:08:04.950 And so now we need to join that array back together 135 00:08:04.950 --> 00:08:08.893 using a space as the separator, okay? 136 00:08:10.520 --> 00:08:13.660 So here we practice a lot of different methods 137 00:08:13.660 --> 00:08:15.660 all in one function. 138 00:08:15.660 --> 00:08:18.750 So this is a really great use case. 139 00:08:18.750 --> 00:08:23.240 So let's now give it a try and indeed it worked. 140 00:08:23.240 --> 00:08:25.210 So great right? 141 00:08:25.210 --> 00:08:28.920 No matter how long a name we feed into the function 142 00:08:28.920 --> 00:08:31.403 it will always give us the correct output. 143 00:08:32.370 --> 00:08:34.940 Now here's a small challenge for you 144 00:08:34.940 --> 00:08:38.800 because there is another way of doing this. 145 00:08:38.800 --> 00:08:43.430 So basically of doing the capitalization of one name. 146 00:08:43.430 --> 00:08:45.340 So given what we already learned 147 00:08:45.340 --> 00:08:47.230 and especially in the last lecture 148 00:08:47.230 --> 00:08:50.370 can you think of a different way of doing this? 149 00:08:50.370 --> 00:08:52.780 And if you can't, it's not a problem at all 150 00:08:52.780 --> 00:08:55.840 but maybe you can pause the video here for a minute or two 151 00:08:55.840 --> 00:08:57.970 and think about this. 152 00:08:57.970 --> 00:09:00.870 So let me just show it to you quickly, 153 00:09:00.870 --> 00:09:03.450 because I think this is really interesting 154 00:09:03.450 --> 00:09:06.993 that we have different ways of achieving the same thing. 155 00:09:08.440 --> 00:09:12.350 And so this time what will we push into the array here 156 00:09:12.350 --> 00:09:17.350 is simply N and then in there we replace the first letter 157 00:09:18.540 --> 00:09:21.020 with the first letter in uppercase. 158 00:09:21.020 --> 00:09:22.203 So let me write that. 159 00:09:23.120 --> 00:09:25.750 So that's N at position zero 160 00:09:26.870 --> 00:09:31.870 and replaced with N at position zero to upper case 161 00:09:34.400 --> 00:09:38.223 let's give it a try and we get the same result, all right? 162 00:09:39.110 --> 00:09:42.380 So again, we are here simply taking the word 163 00:09:42.380 --> 00:09:44.803 and then we replaced the first character. 164 00:09:45.720 --> 00:09:47.740 So that's N at position zero 165 00:09:47.740 --> 00:09:50.593 with the first character to uppercase. 166 00:09:51.970 --> 00:09:54.230 So that's a completely different approach 167 00:09:54.230 --> 00:09:55.710 than this one here, 168 00:09:55.710 --> 00:09:57.343 but it gives us the same result. 169 00:09:59.910 --> 00:10:04.420 Now next up, let's talk about padding a string. 170 00:10:04.420 --> 00:10:06.110 Now padding a string means 171 00:10:06.110 --> 00:10:09.410 to add a number of characters to the string 172 00:10:09.410 --> 00:10:12.703 until the string has a certain desired length. 173 00:10:13.850 --> 00:10:16.000 So padding 174 00:10:18.230 --> 00:10:20.470 and let's just create a message here 175 00:10:21.910 --> 00:10:24.743 go to gate 23. 176 00:10:25.860 --> 00:10:29.690 So now let's take a look at padding here. 177 00:10:29.690 --> 00:10:32.380 So I will take message, 178 00:10:32.380 --> 00:10:34.200 and then I can say padstart 179 00:10:35.695 --> 00:10:38.030 and so this will then add some characters 180 00:10:38.030 --> 00:10:40.260 to the beginning of the string. 181 00:10:40.260 --> 00:10:42.420 And the first argument here is the 182 00:10:42.420 --> 00:10:45.010 length that we want for the string. 183 00:10:45.010 --> 00:10:48.550 Let's say we want it to be 25 characters long, 184 00:10:48.550 --> 00:10:49.863 so after the padding. 185 00:10:50.950 --> 00:10:52.520 And then the character that 186 00:10:52.520 --> 00:10:54.733 we want to pad the string with. 187 00:10:55.630 --> 00:10:57.580 So let's use plus 188 00:10:57.580 --> 00:11:02.370 and let's take a look, okay? 189 00:11:02.370 --> 00:11:04.070 And so you'll see that at edit 190 00:11:04.070 --> 00:11:05.263 all of these here. 191 00:11:06.530 --> 00:11:07.810 And so now the length 192 00:11:07.810 --> 00:11:09.930 of this entire string here 193 00:11:09.930 --> 00:11:12.693 should be 25, okay? 194 00:11:13.750 --> 00:11:15.510 So let me show that to you 195 00:11:15.510 --> 00:11:16.913 with another string here. 196 00:11:17.750 --> 00:11:19.170 So if I said Jonas, 197 00:11:19.170 --> 00:11:20.203 and then the same, 198 00:11:21.890 --> 00:11:24.490 you would see that it would add a lot more 199 00:11:24.490 --> 00:11:26.120 of the plus signs 200 00:11:26.120 --> 00:11:28.383 because the initial string is shorter. 201 00:11:29.820 --> 00:11:31.530 So you see you, 202 00:11:31.530 --> 00:11:33.550 we have a lot more pluses now 203 00:11:33.550 --> 00:11:34.720 but in the end 204 00:11:34.720 --> 00:11:37.000 the string is also a 25 205 00:11:37.000 --> 00:11:38.430 or actually 23 206 00:11:38.430 --> 00:11:39.893 so mistake here. 207 00:11:41.460 --> 00:11:44.220 So now the string is also 25 long. 208 00:11:44.220 --> 00:11:45.460 And so we see here at this 209 00:11:45.460 --> 00:11:47.490 has exactly the same length 210 00:11:47.490 --> 00:11:51.250 as this one here in the console, alright? 211 00:11:51.250 --> 00:11:54.050 Then there's also pad ENT. 212 00:11:54.050 --> 00:11:56.420 And so we can now take the result of this, 213 00:11:56.420 --> 00:11:59.903 and immediately also pad the end of the string. 214 00:12:01.100 --> 00:12:04.600 So pad end 215 00:12:04.600 --> 00:12:06.000 and now let's make it longer 216 00:12:07.900 --> 00:12:10.600 and then again the plus sign. 217 00:12:10.600 --> 00:12:12.460 So this will basically then add 218 00:12:12.460 --> 00:12:15.120 10 pluses to the end of the string 219 00:12:15.120 --> 00:12:17.880 because the result of this string here 220 00:12:17.880 --> 00:12:21.420 is already 25 characters long, right? 221 00:12:21.420 --> 00:12:22.810 And so onto this one 222 00:12:22.810 --> 00:12:24.890 we then pet it all the way 223 00:12:24.890 --> 00:12:29.010 until the length of 35 with some more pluses, 224 00:12:29.010 --> 00:12:32.410 and so we're gonna add 10 of them. 225 00:12:32.410 --> 00:12:33.600 Let's just do a 30, 226 00:12:33.600 --> 00:12:35.063 so we can easily see that, 227 00:12:35.920 --> 00:12:40.171 and so indeed it now added five of them here. 228 00:12:40.171 --> 00:12:42.490 And just for the sake of completion 229 00:12:43.330 --> 00:12:45.800 let's do the same here with my name 230 00:12:47.180 --> 00:12:49.640 and this here just to 20 231 00:12:49.640 --> 00:12:51.853 to make it a bit more even, 232 00:12:53.630 --> 00:12:54.910 alright? 233 00:12:54.910 --> 00:12:57.260 But now let's actually use a more 234 00:12:57.260 --> 00:13:00.060 real world example of padding here. 235 00:13:00.060 --> 00:13:03.450 So when you see a credit card number on the internet, 236 00:13:03.450 --> 00:13:06.760 you never see the entire number, right? 237 00:13:06.760 --> 00:13:09.520 So usually we see the last four digits 238 00:13:09.520 --> 00:13:12.720 and the rest is masked with some symbol. 239 00:13:12.720 --> 00:13:15.840 So let's implement a function that 240 00:13:15.840 --> 00:13:17.713 actually does that masking. 241 00:13:18.910 --> 00:13:20.893 So this is gonna be really interesting. 242 00:13:22.130 --> 00:13:25.480 This is a great application of string methods. 243 00:13:25.480 --> 00:13:29.130 So mask credit cards function. 244 00:13:29.130 --> 00:13:32.750 And so we're gonna receive a number, okay? 245 00:13:32.750 --> 00:13:34.900 So an actual number 246 00:13:34.900 --> 00:13:37.683 and let's start by converting this number to a string. 247 00:13:39.500 --> 00:13:40.633 So string, 248 00:13:41.980 --> 00:13:45.090 now we learned how to convert a number to a string 249 00:13:45.090 --> 00:13:47.840 in the fundamental section, right? 250 00:13:47.840 --> 00:13:52.360 So that was like this, remember? 251 00:13:52.360 --> 00:13:54.320 However, there is a nice trick 252 00:13:54.320 --> 00:13:57.220 that actually makes this easier for us. 253 00:13:57.220 --> 00:13:59.000 So we can just take the number 254 00:13:59.900 --> 00:14:02.823 and then we add an empty string. 255 00:14:03.960 --> 00:14:05.300 And so the result of this 256 00:14:05.300 --> 00:14:06.960 will be the number 257 00:14:06.960 --> 00:14:07.793 but as a string. 258 00:14:07.793 --> 00:14:09.570 And this works 259 00:14:09.570 --> 00:14:11.950 because as you hopefully remember 260 00:14:11.950 --> 00:14:15.740 when one of the operands of the plus sign is a string 261 00:14:15.740 --> 00:14:19.230 it will convert all the operands to a string. 262 00:14:19.230 --> 00:14:22.530 And so then this number will become a string 263 00:14:22.530 --> 00:14:24.400 plus the empty string 264 00:14:24.400 --> 00:14:27.950 and so then it's gonna stay exactly the same, okay. 265 00:14:27.950 --> 00:14:32.230 So in order to know what we should do here 266 00:14:32.230 --> 00:14:33.860 let's one more time 267 00:14:33.860 --> 00:14:35.490 first call the function 268 00:14:35.490 --> 00:14:37.750 before we actually write it 269 00:14:37.750 --> 00:14:40.223 so that we know what kind of input we get. 270 00:14:41.060 --> 00:14:44.370 So mask credit card 271 00:14:44.370 --> 00:14:48.880 and let's say, now the number is this one 272 00:14:48.880 --> 00:14:51.030 and I'm just putting something random here. 273 00:14:53.459 --> 00:14:56.660 But of course it will also work with strings 274 00:14:59.820 --> 00:15:03.230 and no matter how long it is, alright? 275 00:15:03.230 --> 00:15:04.750 So as I was saying, 276 00:15:04.750 --> 00:15:06.280 usually on the internet 277 00:15:06.280 --> 00:15:09.350 we can only see these last four digits 278 00:15:09.350 --> 00:15:12.180 and the rest is masked by some symbol. 279 00:15:12.180 --> 00:15:13.750 So what we need to do here 280 00:15:13.750 --> 00:15:17.230 is basically to take out these four numbers 281 00:15:17.230 --> 00:15:18.705 and then use padstart 282 00:15:18.705 --> 00:15:21.810 to create a string with the same length 283 00:15:21.810 --> 00:15:23.770 as this initial number here 284 00:15:23.770 --> 00:15:26.720 but with some kind of symbol there. 285 00:15:26.720 --> 00:15:30.470 So let me just write that in code, 286 00:15:30.470 --> 00:15:32.473 and then I hope it will become clear. 287 00:15:34.200 --> 00:15:38.853 So we're gonna take the last four characters of the string. 288 00:15:40.020 --> 00:15:42.200 And so, we use slice 289 00:15:42.200 --> 00:15:45.513 with a negative parameter again of minus four. 290 00:15:47.610 --> 00:15:50.570 And now here is what we're gonna return, 291 00:15:50.570 --> 00:15:53.140 we will return a last. 292 00:15:53.140 --> 00:15:56.473 So that is just these four characters. 293 00:15:58.820 --> 00:16:02.162 And then we will Pad it at the start 294 00:16:02.162 --> 00:16:06.520 all the way until the original length of the string. 295 00:16:06.520 --> 00:16:08.740 So string.length 296 00:16:09.950 --> 00:16:14.950 and the character we're gonna use will be this star, okay? 297 00:16:15.530 --> 00:16:18.090 And so since we returned something 298 00:16:18.090 --> 00:16:20.720 to make this function a bit more real 299 00:16:20.720 --> 00:16:23.830 now we need to lock the result to the console 300 00:16:29.530 --> 00:16:31.670 and to start let's actually make 301 00:16:31.670 --> 00:16:33.390 a slightly simpler version 302 00:16:33.390 --> 00:16:35.630 so that we see that it actually worked. 303 00:16:35.630 --> 00:16:37.070 So a shorter number here 304 00:16:37.070 --> 00:16:39.040 with just eight digits. 305 00:16:39.040 --> 00:16:42.230 And so the end should be 7836 306 00:16:42.230 --> 00:16:44.970 and then beginning with four stars. 307 00:16:44.970 --> 00:16:45.803 So let's see, 308 00:16:47.050 --> 00:16:49.453 and yeah, that worked great, 309 00:16:51.060 --> 00:16:52.180 right? 310 00:16:52.180 --> 00:16:54.640 So again, we took the last four here 311 00:16:54.640 --> 00:16:56.890 and then we padded the rest of the string 312 00:16:56.890 --> 00:17:00.150 until it matched the original length of the string 313 00:17:00.150 --> 00:17:04.530 which was eight and therefore four stars were added. 314 00:17:04.530 --> 00:17:07.530 And the same here and to same here. 315 00:17:07.530 --> 00:17:08.470 Awesome. 316 00:17:08.470 --> 00:17:11.990 That's really fantastic application 317 00:17:11.990 --> 00:17:14.800 of this method, I think. 318 00:17:14.800 --> 00:17:17.720 And now to finish the last simple method that I want to 319 00:17:17.720 --> 00:17:20.690 show you is the repeat method. 320 00:17:20.690 --> 00:17:21.960 So repeat 321 00:17:25.310 --> 00:17:26.600 and as the name says, 322 00:17:26.600 --> 00:17:28.827 this one simply allows us to repeat 323 00:17:28.827 --> 00:17:31.740 the same string multiple times. 324 00:17:31.740 --> 00:17:36.150 So let's say there is some bad weather at Wen airport. 325 00:17:36.150 --> 00:17:37.120 So when that happens 326 00:17:37.120 --> 00:17:41.260 they usually have those long messages on the screen, 327 00:17:41.260 --> 00:17:43.820 like with the texts repeating 328 00:17:43.820 --> 00:17:47.540 which then keeps running and repeating all the time. 329 00:17:47.540 --> 00:17:49.410 So let's call this one message. 330 00:17:49.410 --> 00:17:50.520 So let's call it message two 331 00:17:50.520 --> 00:17:52.363 we already have a message up there. 332 00:17:53.270 --> 00:17:56.170 So let's say bad weather 333 00:17:57.850 --> 00:18:00.420 all departures 334 00:18:02.980 --> 00:18:06.230 delayed, okay? 335 00:18:06.230 --> 00:18:08.450 And now we want to 336 00:18:08.450 --> 00:18:10.610 basically create a bigger string 337 00:18:10.610 --> 00:18:13.660 repeating this one here multiple times. 338 00:18:13.660 --> 00:18:16.010 So that's easy enough. 339 00:18:16.010 --> 00:18:17.960 We just take this string 340 00:18:19.670 --> 00:18:20.623 call repeat, 341 00:18:21.500 --> 00:18:23.570 so repeat 342 00:18:23.570 --> 00:18:26.360 and then the number of times we want to repeat it, 343 00:18:26.360 --> 00:18:28.010 let's say five 344 00:18:28.010 --> 00:18:29.940 and there it is. 345 00:18:29.940 --> 00:18:32.460 So this is all the same long string 346 00:18:32.460 --> 00:18:35.473 and we should just add one space here at the end. 347 00:18:37.206 --> 00:18:38.600 And so you'll see 348 00:18:38.600 --> 00:18:40.530 now you can see it even better. 349 00:18:40.530 --> 00:18:42.630 That it's all just one big string 350 00:18:42.630 --> 00:18:46.640 with the same message repeating over and over again. 351 00:18:46.640 --> 00:18:48.950 Or we can also simulate 352 00:18:48.950 --> 00:18:51.330 that due to the bad weather 353 00:18:51.330 --> 00:18:56.330 there are now many planes waiting in line for takeoff. 354 00:18:56.360 --> 00:18:59.750 So let's create a fun function for that. 355 00:18:59.750 --> 00:19:02.290 So planes in line 356 00:19:04.750 --> 00:19:06.393 and here the number of planes. 357 00:19:09.220 --> 00:19:11.270 So console.log 358 00:19:11.270 --> 00:19:16.270 there are N planes in line. 359 00:19:18.950 --> 00:19:21.940 And then here we can kind of show that 360 00:19:21.940 --> 00:19:25.203 graphically using an emoji like this, 361 00:19:26.420 --> 00:19:28.520 let's say plain, 362 00:19:28.520 --> 00:19:30.440 I'm gonna use this one. 363 00:19:30.440 --> 00:19:34.610 And so this here in fact counts as a string. 364 00:19:34.610 --> 00:19:36.640 So let's create a string with that 365 00:19:36.640 --> 00:19:37.743 and then repeat it. 366 00:19:39.230 --> 00:19:41.590 And we will repeat it as many times 367 00:19:41.590 --> 00:19:43.573 as there are planes waiting. 368 00:19:45.960 --> 00:19:47.570 So planes in line 369 00:19:48.600 --> 00:19:50.123 here we have five waiting, 370 00:19:51.010 --> 00:19:53.480 then let's call it on in other airport 371 00:19:53.480 --> 00:19:56.170 where there are just three planes waiting 372 00:19:57.353 --> 00:19:58.373 and then 12. 373 00:20:00.360 --> 00:20:04.950 So indeed, now we have five planes here, three 374 00:20:04.950 --> 00:20:07.793 and here, 12 planes, alright? 375 00:20:09.550 --> 00:20:11.620 Okay, cool. 376 00:20:11.620 --> 00:20:13.090 Now we didn't talk about 377 00:20:13.090 --> 00:20:15.940 all of these string methods that exist 378 00:20:15.940 --> 00:20:17.940 but if you want to check them out, 379 00:20:17.940 --> 00:20:19.773 you can do so on MDN. 380 00:20:21.720 --> 00:20:24.380 And what I like to do is to simply search 381 00:20:24.380 --> 00:20:26.530 for one of the methods, 382 00:20:26.530 --> 00:20:28.940 let's say, string replace 383 00:20:30.500 --> 00:20:34.600 and then that will take me to that page of replace 384 00:20:34.600 --> 00:20:36.233 because then on the left side, 385 00:20:37.100 --> 00:20:39.863 at least when the window is a bit bigger. 386 00:20:41.390 --> 00:20:43.350 So then here we can see all 387 00:20:43.350 --> 00:20:47.330 of the different string methods that we can use. 388 00:20:47.330 --> 00:20:52.330 So we used split, slice, repeat, padstart, pad end. 389 00:20:53.410 --> 00:20:56.080 But as you can see there are even more here 390 00:20:57.010 --> 00:21:01.173 but actually we talked about all of the most important ones. 391 00:21:02.250 --> 00:21:04.830 Maybe one that you can check out is 392 00:21:06.190 --> 00:21:07.023 let's see 393 00:21:08.910 --> 00:21:10.780 concat maybe 394 00:21:10.780 --> 00:21:14.483 or there should one be called reverse. 395 00:21:17.270 --> 00:21:19.153 Well, actually it is not here, 396 00:21:20.460 --> 00:21:22.620 but anyway, as you see we talked about 397 00:21:22.620 --> 00:21:26.060 most of the most important string methods here. 398 00:21:26.060 --> 00:21:28.220 And so I hope you had fun with this. 399 00:21:28.220 --> 00:21:30.440 And I see you in the next video 400 00:21:30.440 --> 00:21:32.830 where we then have a challenge 401 00:21:32.830 --> 00:21:34.650 where you can then use all of 402 00:21:34.650 --> 00:21:36.610 this knowledge that you just gained here 403 00:21:36.610 --> 00:21:38.543 over the past three videos.